Ptosis repair:(link)

• superior visual field loss, cosmetic improvement

Blepharoplasty:(link)

• excess eyelid skin (dermatochalasis) causing superior visual field defect; cosmetic improvement

Entropion repair: (link)

• eyelids turning inwards can worsen dry eye, cause discomfort, or cause scarring of cornea

Ectropion repair: (link)

• eyelids turning outwards can worsen dry eye and cause discomfort

Canthopexy: (link)

• too much ocular surface exposure (can cause dry eye), cosmetic improvement

Canthotomy: (link)

• orbital compartment syndrome (e.g. retrobulbar hematoma)

Tarsorrhaphy: (link)

• too much ocular surface exposure (can cause dry eye), persistent epithelial defect of the eye

Evisceration: (link)

• severe infection or pain in eye with loss of vision

Enucleation: (link)

• tumors contained within the eye, trauma

Exenteration: (link)

• tumors spreading outside of the eye, trauma

Nasolacrimal Duct Probing: (link)

• Nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) leading to overflow tearing